| Name | Description | Syntax | Examples |
| if |
Used to create a branch in your program: Code is only executed if a condition is true |
if condition
code
end
|
if user_name.empty?
puts "Please give us a name!"
end
|
| if/else |
Two way branch: One piece of code is executed if the condition is true, the other if it is false |
if condition
code
else
code
end
|
if user_name.empty?
puts "Please give us a name!"
else
puts "Hi, #{user_name}!"
end
|
| if/elsif/else |
Multi way branch: One piece of code is executed if a condition is true, another if another condition is true, and yet another if both are false |
if condition
code
elsif condition
code
else
code
end
|
if user_name.empty?
puts "Please give us a name!"
elsif user_name == "Ferdinand"
puts "Hey, I know you!"
else
puts "Hi, #{user_name}!"
end
|
| loop |
Loops indefinitely (important: use break to step out of the loop) |
loop do
code
end
|
loop do
user_input = gets.chomp
if user_input == "exit"
break
end
end
|
| each |
Used to loop over all items in a collection (Array, Hash, ...) |
collection.each do |variable|
code
end
|
[1, 2, 3].each do |integer|
puts integer
end
|
